Pruning Salvias

Salvia Chamaedryoides
Salvia Chamaedryoides

Summer finally arrived a couple of months late.  The long spring has caused a lot of growth and consequently, darn it, a lot of chopping to be done.   I have read that Salvia greggii should not be pruned or deadheaded.  However, my experience has been that, if I don't prune them after blooming, Salvia greggii becomes woody and suffers more from drought.  It is native to Mexico where there are summer thunderstorms.  Californian summers are much drier and large plants are stressed in our climate.  You can water salvias once a month, or let them dry out completely.  They almost always leaf out again in the rainy season. Salvia chamedryoides always does better if it is clipped back after spring and fall blooming.  This Salvia enjoys part shade inland, or sunshine at the beach.  Once established it is drought tolerant, but as it is also from northern Mexico a monthly soaking in summer will improve its looks.   The silver leaves and bright blue flowers make this plant irresistable.

 Late spring or early summer is the time to cut back Matijila poppies, after blooming.  I cut them back to the ground every summer or else they become leggy and unattractive.  Rain will bring them right back to life.

Melaleuca nesophila

Melaleuca nesophila
Melaleuca nesophila

Now this is one of my favorite small trees from Australia.  It is full of character, unruly but compact, and bursts forth with thousands of pink pompoms in summer.   Bees love it.  It will grow quite quickly and with virtually no irrigation.   I have four growing in sandy soil at the top of a hill but they do very well in that dry location with monthly irrigation.   Go to the bluffs in Santa Monica to see some really old melaleucas.  They have been pruned well to show their lovely papery trunks.  It should be given space as it will often take an unexpected direction and grow up, then sideways.  It's a wonderful small tree for a xeriscape garden and looks good with native California plants as well as cactus.

Crowning cycad

CYCAD
CYCAD

Cycads are dramatic plants and suitable for dry shade and part shade locations.  Many can also be grown in full sunshine although they do sometimes get a little burned.  This beauty was a tiny baby when I purchased it from Loren Whitelock in Los Angeles many years ago.  Loren Whitelock had an extraordinary garden in Eagle Rock and probably the most extensive collection of cycads in the US.  Alas, he has passed on and his collection has been transferred to the Huntington Library Gardens in Pasadena

Cycads

Cycad under oaks
Cycad under oaks

Cycads are among the oldest and most primitive plants on the planet.  They are easy to grow and can be grown under live oaks as they require very little water once established.   I water mine by hand once a month during the summer and the oaks sheltering canopy protects the cycads from frost and excessive sunshine.    Cycads are crowning beautifully this year because last winter was a wet one.

More on Ivy

I have just returned from England where I was surprised to notice how many large trees are being felled by strangulation by ivy.  Whole forests were full of dead trees leaning precipitously but held in place by thick ivy.  Some ivies develop trunks up to 6" in diameter and as the vines twist and grow around the trunk of the host tree they slowly stop that tree's ability to thrive.  Occasionally I saw that ivy had been cut from large ancient oak trees, but that varied depending on the landowner.   Ivy has had a long time to grow in England, but it has not been in California for very long, and see how prevalent it has already become.

Salvia bee's bliss

Sage, need ID
Sage, need ID
sage_2, need ID
sage_2, need ID

This lovely hybrid from two California native salvias blooms in spring.  It's a perfect choice for hillsides because it spreads laterally, never growing more than two feet high.  Salvia Bee's bliss will not like irrigation, particularly overhead, after the first couple of years in the ground.

German Ivy

Delairea odorata, German ivy
Delairea odorata, German ivy

Just look at this horror, botanical name Delairea odorata.  It's just like kudzu.  This ivy climbs to the tops of trees and strangles them to death. It's interesting how many invasive plants have so much form in common with each other, growing solid green blankets over everything in their path.

New plants

Note that all plants, drought tolerant or native species or not, need water when they are fresh in the ground, and for the first couple of years until a good root system is established.    A new garden should be planted in late fall or early winter to take advantage of winter rains to get the roots down.  The plants will be healthier and will need less water in the spring and summer.

Sticks on fire

ingarden-sticks_on_fire_2
ingarden-sticks_on_fire_2

According to David Nellis in "Poisonous Plants and Animals of Florida and the Caribbean", Euphorbia tirucalli can infuse the soil around it with poisons in order to repel other plants.  It is possible that these poisons are carcinogenic.  I have removed several of my specimens and put the others into planters.  The sap is very irritating to skin and eyes.

Melianthus major

ingarden-melianthusmajor
ingarden-melianthusmajor

Melianthus major (honey bush) from South Africa is extremely large and not suitable for a small garden.  However, if you have space to plant this peanut scented beauty in a semi-shaded area you will please a lot of garden visitors.  Orioles love its plentiful nectar.  Melianthus major is drought tolerant, but might require monthly water in summer, depending on its geographical location.  Cut the stems off to the lowest bud after it fades in early summer.  The plant will grow again into an attractive hump until it's time to bloom in spring.  Then it will grow its enormous flower spikes.

Seedling volunteers

Many plants will set seed in the bountiful waterwise garden. Lavender dentata often sets seedlings around the garden and salvia chameadryoides spreads by underground runners and seeds.  These plants can be transplanted to appropriate areas or potted up for friends, or a plant swap. Succulents also pup readily and are very useful for colonizing bare ground while other plants become established. The succulents can be removed later, rather easily as most of them are shallow rooted.  However, some agaves, such as the giant Americana, put out offsets very close to the mother plant making them difficult to remove and therefore invasive. Aloes make much better colonizing plants as the thorns are blunter and they flower at least once a year.

Dudleya britonii, chalk dudleya

ingarden-chalkdudleya
ingarden-chalkdudleya

Isn't this gorgeous with its fat spring foliage?  It should be planted in full sun and never irrigated.  Thankfully, this plant is getting easier to find in general nurseries.  All the native plant nurseries stock it.

Look how well the color matches Teucrium fruticans, a completely drought tolerant plant related to rosemary and beloved by bees.  They look very good together in a silver garden.  Teucrium grows quite large over the years and plenty of space should be allowed between these plants should you use them together.

ingarden-teucriumfruticans
ingarden-teucriumfruticans